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The University of Roma, The Studium
Urbis, was instituted by Boniface VIIl in 1303. It
first seat was, probably, in Transtevere but with
the bull of 1431 by Eugenius IV, it was moved to the
St. Eustachio district. Over the centuries, many
popes were concerned in giving the university a
decorous home. Alexander VI, Borgia, at the end of
the 1400s, financed the construction of a new
building (situated on the site of the present
complex of the Sapienza). It was later enlarged by
Leo X and renovated by Pius IV in 1561.
Giacomo della Porta followed Guidetto Guidetti and
Pirro Ligorio in the events of the building and it
was onto his plan that Borromini added his work.. St.
Ivo is remembered with the altarpiece for which
Pietro da Cortona was commissioned, but which was
finished by one of his students. In 1936, the
faculties were moved to the University City,
immediately outsiue the old city centre. Today, the
ancient seat houses the State Archives and some
offices of the Senate of the Republic.
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The church is placed in a courtyard
setting, it is one of the masterpieces of the
architect fromTicino.The commission to complete the
construction of the building was given to Borromini
by Urban VIII on the advice of Gianlorenzo Bernini
in 1632. In the following years, the architect
planned the church, or the university chapel, which
was dedicated to S1. Ivo, protector of the
consistorial lawyers and generous helper of the poor.
The fac;ade coincides with the exedra by Oella
Porta. Borromini added the attic to this with the
mounts, the emblems of AlexanderVII, the pontiff who
consecrated the church.
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The facade is characterised by the
famous lantern finishing in a spiral that seemed to
want to screw into the sky. Both the exterior and
the interior are completely white. The central plan,
in the form of a hexagonal star, is created by the
interpenetration of two equilateral triangles. The
walls are decorated with architectonic items
alternating with niches that were originally aimed
at holding statues. The dome divided into segments,
is decorated with rows of stars, cherubs, Chigi
mountains, and laurel wreaths, culminating in the
dove of the Holy Spirit. The entire decoration,
interior and exterior, exalts the theme of divine
knowledge. |
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